Adobe

Adobe is suitable for load-bearing and infill masonry in housing, vernacular settlements, and village-scale projects, particularly in arid and semi-arid climates where it has been used historically for centuries. It performs well in low-rise residential construction and can be combined with earth-compatible companions like brick and rammed earth in mixed masonry systems.

Global brick production emissions vary significantly by kiln technology, ranging from 0.10 to 0.58 kg CO2e per kilogram depending on fuel source and manufacturing method; specify low-carbon kiln processes when sourcing. Adobe bricks with asphalt emulsion treatments for stabilization may increase volatile organic compound emissions, so specify untreated or minimally treated variants where possible.